The transfer of hereditary information from genes to proteins is one of the essential pr- esses in all living organisms on our planet. Some genes are expressed without modu- tion throughout the life of a cell, while many others require various degrees of control to precisely balance cellular metabolism with environmental conditions. For many years, researchers attributed this regulatory function to protein molecules, which can direct gene expression at multiple levels, in response to various input signals, and with different degrees of selectivity. Even when the control of gene expression was...

The transfer of hereditary information from genes to proteins is one of the essential pr- esses in all living organisms on our planet. Some genes are expressed without modu- tion throughout the life of a cell, while many others require various degrees of control to precisely balance cellular metabolism with environmental conditions. For many years, researchers attributed this regulatory function to protein molecules, which can direct gene expression at multiple levels, in response to various input signals, and with different degrees of selectivity. Even when the control of gene expression was...