This book critically examines the influence of International Society on East Asia, and how its attempts to introduce 'civilization' to 'barbarous' polities contributed to conflict between China and Japan.

Challenging existing works that have presented the expansion of (European) International Society as a progressive, linear process, this book contends that imperialism - along with an ideology premised on 'civilising' 'barbarous' peoples - played a central role in its historic development. Considering how these elements of International Society affected China and Japan's...

This book examines the historical interactions of the West and non-Western world, and investigates whether or not the exclusive adoption of Western-oriented 'international norms' is the prerequisite for the construction of international order.

This book sets out to challenge the Eurocentric foundations of modern International Relations scholarship by examining international relations in the early modern era, when European primacy had yet to develop in many parts of the globe. Through a series of regional case studies on East Asia, the Middle East, Africa and Latin America, and...