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The transformation of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanomaterials from white to black using disorder engineering has meant a dramatic increase in their performance in photocatalytic experiments. The efficiency with which black TiO₂ nanomaterials can use sunlight to split water molecules for the production of hydrogen is significantly improved compared to using white crystals, and this pure hydrogen can then be used in batteries and fuels. The black TiO₂ nanomaterials are also very promising in CO₂ conversion, water treatment, and in air quality...