Comprehension is the essence of reading. Without it the act of rea­ding is incomplete. Yet, the RAND Reading Study Group (2002) said that there is inadequate reading comprehension instruction and teacher preparation programs do not give sufficient emphasis to this important domain. It is critical for teachers to acquire knowledge and develop skills for explicitly teaching students to use comprehension strategies. Comprehension instruction should be taught in the early grades. The National Institute of Child Health and Human Develop­ment (2000) noted that research should help to determine...