This study presents a coevolutionary perspective on the interaction between human and guanaco (Lama guanicoe) populations in Magallania (the area at both sides of the Magellan strait comprising the southernmost part of continental Patagonia and the north of Tierra del Fuego in South America) from c.12,000 BC to the present. The approach adopted combines the use of morphological, paleoenvironmental, zooarchaeological, and technological data. Spanish text.