This scholarly study examines politics and society in Vizcaya -- an important province in the Spanish Basque region -- during the first third of the nineteenth century. Focusing on the period 1800--1833, the author conducts a detailed historical inquiry into the general origins of the First Carlist War in Vizcaya. Utilizing a vast array of unpublished primary sources gathered in numerous Spanish and French archives, Barahona addresses a wide range of factors -- political, social, economic, ideological, religious, and military -- that laid the foundation for the severe conflicts the region...