This text examines the nature and ideas, as well as the underlying social interests and motives, of the reform movements of the early nineteenth century. Focusing primarily upon movements calling for parliamentary reform, it also pays attention to other agitations of the period, including Luddism, co-operative socialism and the Factory Movement. The analysis, while especially concerned with the politicization of the working classes, covers reformism and its repercussions at middle- and upper-class levels.