In order to realize Urban Virtual Environments (UVEs), an enormous amount
of time and money must be invested. Although large-scale UVEs can be
created using commercial software, these models focus only on the exterior
shapes of buildings and do not include all the details necessary in engineering
applications. Therefore, a practical and economic data integration method for
creating UVEs is needed. In addition, users of these applications may encounter
insuperable problems when exploring and navigating the large virtual
environments while attempting to accomplish specific tasks. Properly...