This study explores the interactions between the indigenous Abenakian peoples of northern New England with their colonial English neighbors. Between 1675 to 1725, Abenakis and English fought four wars with each other. This series of wars was neither the product of outside agitators, nor the result of clashing interests in the land. The source of the violence was instead the ignorance of each side of the other sides interests and values. Because of this ignorance, no one on the frontier of northern New England was able to understand how pursuit of his or her own goals might threaten others....