​​To many patients and indeed health care professionals, IVF is the ultimate treatment for infertility. However in many cases IVF is not feasible and may not be indicated. IVF remains a largely inefficient procedure that often does not succeed in a achieving a pregnancy.

There remains a strong place for other fertility interventions, many of them surgical in nature. Surgical interventions can be used as a stand-alone fertility treatment or as an adjuvant treatment used in conjunction with other assisted conception treatments. Despite the continuing use of such techniques...