An intrinsic brittleness of oxide cuprates, the layered anisotropic structure and the supershort coherence length are the main features of HTS defining their properties. Taking into account these features, the researching of HTS microstructure and properties is presented, and also the possibilities of optimization of the preparation techniques and superconducting compositions are considered. The link "composition-technique-experiment-theory-model" investigated in the book, assuming considerable HTSC defectiveness and structure heterogeneity, forms whole picture of modern representations on...