Defining the concepts needed to learn or review cardiac auscultation, this text combines audio (available on either CD or audiocassette) and text to explain how to identify and interpret normal and common abnormal heart sounds. Some heart sounds are reproduced on a heart sound simulator, allowing for a clear, crisp grasp of specific, individual sounds. Others are recorded from real patients to distinguish between similar heart and lung sounds, and to help the listener select the heart sounds from the auditory milieu. It covers the distinct heart sounds (S1 through S4) first, then graduates...