Our civilization employs increasingly complex human-made systems, such as large-scale electric power grids, air traffic control systems, manufacturing plants and supply chains, the Internet and other communication networks. Performance evaluation of these systems is accomplished by using simulation models rather than experiment with the real systems. However, these systems operate and evolve in time via human-made rules of operation which are difficult to describe and capture by succinct mathematical models. And while simulation models are often used for design validation and other...

Our civilization employs increasingly complex human-made systems, such as large-scale electric power grids, air traffic control systems, manufacturing plants and supply chains, the Internet and other communication networks. Performance evaluation of these systems is accomplished by using simulation models rather than experiment with the real systems. However, these systems operate and evolve in time via human-made rules of operation which are difficult to describe and capture by succinct mathematical models. And while simulation models are often used for design validation and other...