This volume contains contributions to the First Kazakh-German Advanced Research Workshop on Computational Science and High Performance Computing presented in September 2005 at Almaty, Kazakhstan. The workshop was organized by the High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart (Stuttgart, Germany), al-Farabi Kazakh National University (Almaty, Kazakhstan) and the Institute of Computational Technologies SB RAS (Novosibirsk, Russia) in the framework of activities of the German-Russian Center for Computational Technologies and High Performance