Nietzsche Economy and Society: The Closed and the Open Questions a b Jurgen G. Backhaus and Wolfgang Drechsler a University of Erfurt, Germany b Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia Nietzsche s impact and in?uence anywhere in and on our civilization was and is immense. This has by now been widely recognized in almost all areas, even in the hard sciences (see Babich 1999), but Nietzsche is still completely understudied in the ?eld of economics. This is all the more surprising because in?uence paths, both serious (e. g., Joseph A. Schumpeter) and pop ones (e. g., Ayn Rand), seem obvious,...