Small sealed electrochemical power units have developed remarkably in the last two decades owing to improvements in technology and a greater understanding of the underlying basic sciences. These high-energy-density sealed battery sys- tems have made possible the safe and rapid development of lightweight implant- able electrical devices, some of which, such as heart pacers, have reached a large market. In most of these devices the battery constitutes the majority of the device volume and weight, and limits the useful life. This book on Batteries for Implantable Biomedical Devices will be...