The theory of algorithms not only answers philosophical questions but also is eminently applicable to practical computing, as well as to software and hardware design. This book presents exact mathematical formulations of major concepts and facts of the theory of algorithms in a unified and elegant way. Precise mathematical statements are given, together with their underlying motivations, philosophical interpretations and historical developments, starting with Frege, Hilbert and Borel through Godel and Turing up to Kolmogorov's results of 1950-1980. The book is divided into two parts. The...