This book contains 30 articles and three abstracts of invited talks presented at The Second International Workshop on Biologically Inspired Approaches for Advanced Information Technology (Bio-ADIT 2006) held at Senri Life Science Center, Osaka, Japan, on January 26 27, 2006. Bio-ADIT 2006 follows the s- cess of the ?rst workshop Bio-ADIT 2004, held at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland, in January 2004. The workshop is intended to provide an e?ective forum for original research results in the ?eld of bio-inspired approaches to advanced information...