An exposition of nonlinear phenomena in random and inhomogeneous media which provides results on the combined effects of nonlinearity and inhomogeneity, including random inhomogeneity. Topics covered include recent developments within such popular areas as nonlinear photonic crystals, inhomogeneous optical fibres (dispersion management), discrete nonlinear lattices, discrete breathers, Bose-Einstein condensates, ultra-short optical pulse, Josephson lattices, various types of inhomogeneous waveguides and nonlinear quantization.