Whether a theoretical system is realistic or not has been a concern in economics, particularly in monetary theory, over the past century. Following John R. Hicks' proposal that a realistic monetary theory could be constructed along an evolutionary path, starting with the workings of a real market, this volume considers whether we can look to the medieval economy as the point of departure.

Drawing upon the work of Aristotle, scholastic economists, Adam Smith, Karl Marx, William Stanley Jevons, Leon Walras and many modern monetary theorists, this intriguing book provides a...

Analysing the US policy of dual containment of Iran, this work looks at the role that the Carter and Reagan Administrations played in the Iran-Iraq war, the numerous sanctions imposed on Iran by the Clinton Administration and the confrontational policy tow

Sasan Fayazmanesh covers key topics in monetary theory such as the theory of the difficulties of barter as the origin of money and the concept of exchange as an equation.

Since the 1979 Revolution in Iran and the end of a close relationship between the US and the Shah, successive American administrations - including the Obama Administration - have tried to contain Iran by various means, particularly sanctions and military threats. Even though President Obama came to office promising to engage Iran, in reality his administration has followed the policy of tough diplomacy, which has included, among other acts, imposing draconian sanctions against Iran. Following the author's earlier book on the history of containment of Iran and Iraq, the current book examines...