Since the ?rst edition of this book was published in 2002, there have been many advances in our knowledge of percutaneous vertoplasty (PV), particularly about how to perform the procedure more safely and how to approach more complex case situations. Additionally, mate- als that were initially used off label or that simply were not FDA approved have completed their governmental review and have received FDA approval. This has increased the legitimacy of the p- cedure from the legal and reimbursement perspective. Controversy over height restoration and device selection has become a progressively...

Since the ?rst edition of this book was published in 2002, there have been many advances in our knowledge of percutaneous vertoplasty (PV), particularly about how to perform the procedure more safely and how to approach more complex case situations. Additionally, mate- als that were initially used off label or that simply were not FDA approved have completed their governmental review and have received FDA approval. This has increased the legitimacy of the p- cedure from the legal and reimbursement perspective. Controversy over height restoration and device selection has become a progressively...