While Herodotus is recognized as the "father of History," he also deserves acknowledgement as the father of ethnography, inasmuch as he first consciously grappled with the phenomena of cultural differentiation. Strikingly, he first also proclaimed that human groups were distinct through their allegiance to different systems of nomoi, that is, 'ways of life' or 'laws'. For him, the nature of this normative allegiance was a central focus in historiē, the investigation of humanity in its variation. The ethnē 'peoples' who inhabited his world were often...