The accession of Spain and Portugal to membership of the European Community in January 1985 not only brought new vitality to the European initiative, but served as a powerful reminder of the broader dimensions of the Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking worlds. A reinforcement of Europe's natural and historical interna- tionalism of outlook was particularly relevant in the context of biotechnology; for the sophisticated multi-disciplinary scientific base, and the several broad application areas, force on biotechnol- ogy an internationalism both for access to scientific capability, and for access...