The Appian Way was the first great artery from Rome to southern Italy and the model for all roads originating in the ancient capital. Conceived by Appius Claudius in 312 B.C., the thoroughfare provided easy access to Capua, the most important junction in southern Italy, and facilitated Roman expansion into the southern peninsula. Paved in black basalt, the road was flanked by level pedestrian footpaths and bordered by tombs, villas, and pleasant rest and refreshment areas along its 365 miles, which could be walked in thirteen to fourteen days. The Appian Way provides an engaging account of...