Adaptation is a process by which individuals, communities and countries seek to cope with the consequences of climate change. The process of adaptation is not new; the idea of incorporating future climate risk into policy-making is. While our understanding of climate change and its potential impacts has become clearer, the availability of practical guidance on adaptation has not kept pace. The development of the Adaptation Policy Framework (APF) is intended to help provide the rapidly evolving process of adaptation policy-making with a much-needed roadmap. Ultimately, the purpose of the APF...

The disastrous effects of natural hazards such as earthquakes, floods, and hurricanes are often called "Acts of God."' Challenging that view, this work depicts natural hazards as extreme events in nature that are made even more dangerous by the acts or the neglect of people. Since the beginning of the 20th century, the toll on society resulting from such environmental episodes has changed significantly in several ways--while fatalities from major events have decreased, the number of reported events causing 100 or more deaths, as well as the extent of property damage, has risen steadily....

Many parts of the developing world are subject to variable and extreme climate, the impacts of which impede development and point to the need to improve the understanding and management of climate risks. These needs are being amplified by human-caused climate change. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded in its 2001 report that much of the developing world is highly vulnerable to adverse impacts from climate change. But the IPCC also concluded that the vulnerabilities of developing countries are too little studied and too poorly understood to enable determination of...

Overall, the negative health impacts of global climate change are anticipated to significantly outweigh positive impacts. Furthermore, global climate change will continue for decades, even after the effective implementation of mitigation measures. By exploring cases histories in public health and prior lessons learned, Integration of Public Health with Adaptation to Climate Change: Lessons Learned and New Directions identifies the key adjustments necessary for public health systems to effectively adapt to this inevitable climate change. Touching on broader aspects of integrated assessment and...

Climate change is now upon us. While mitigation is essential to reduce the future severity of climate change, it will take time and some effects will inevitably continue for centuries. Consequently, more attention is now being directed to adaptation as a means of reducing losses. As the importance of adaptation becomes more apparent, there is need for wider appreciation and understanding of the concept and its potential, as well as the obstacles to its effective deployment. This reader, the first of its kind, gathers some of the most significant writings on adaptation to climate change from...

Climate change is now upon us. While mitigation is essential to reduce the future severity of climate change, it will take time and some effects will inevitably continue for centuries. This reader gathers some of the most significant writings on adaptation to climate change. It is suitable for students, policymakers, researchers, and NGOs.

The Cambridge IGCSE Biology Revision Guide supports students through their course, containing specifically designed features to help students apply their knowledge as they prepare for assessment. This Revision Guide offers support for students as they prepare for their Cambridge IGCSE Biology (0610) exams. Containing up to date material that matches the syllabus for examination from 2016 and packed full of guidance such as Worked Examples, Tips and Progress Check questions throughout to help students to hone their revision and exam technique and avoid common mistakes. These features have been...