Philological and historico-religious analyses cast a new light on the Gospel and on the following questions. Do (alien) gods and idols belong for St. Paul to the field of motifs of "principalities and powers"? How, according to Paul, are the (false) knowledge of God and the adoration of God manifested in pagan religiosity? To what extent does Paul preach the one true God as Creator in his mission to the heathens?