Heavy metals are not bio-degradable and may accumulate in the body, remaining there for a long time. These heavy metals may have adverse health effects as they may be toxic even at trace levels. In children heavy metals such Pb can reduce brain growth, learning abilities and intelligence. In the present study the concentrations of heavy metals in the environment of Lahore were measured to determine whether they lie within the acceptable limits or not. In order to carry out this purpose, 15 air conditioners filter dust samples from 15 different sites of Lahore were collected Samples were...

This book offers an application of Sobolev gradient approach to Poisson Boltzmann system. A detailed description of Sobolev gradient method is given and its application is demonstrated on the Poisson Boltzmann system when there are large non-linearities and discontinuities in the coefficient functions. Poisson Boltzmann is a physical model that governs the electrostatic potential of macromolecules when immersed in solvent. It is shown that in some cases Sobolev gradient performs better in terms of efficiency than other existing fast methods such as multigrid and Newton's methods. The...