English summary: From 1880 onwards a dynamic devloped in the modern age whereby innovation, artificiality, the erosion of boundaries coexisted with the traditional sublime. The avant-garde, by contrast, defined itself more strongly by accentuating the break with the past, radically rejecting artistic processes and reinterpretation. The Viennese culture in the interwar period is deemed to be untouched by this, although from 1910 works attributed to Expressionism were created here. In the shadow of the 1920s, which were hard years but also a period of departure, a remarkable spectrum of...