This Liber Amicorum has been written by prominent colleagues and friends of Professor of Public International Law and former President of the International Court of Justice, Jose Maria Ruda (1924-1994). The collection celebrates a lifelong career devoted to the promotion of public international law and dedicated to the furtherance of international organisations including the United Nations General Assembly, the Security Council, the International Law Commission, and the International Labour Organization. In addition Professor Ruda has played a prominent role in a number of...

Risk has always been an element of life. Yet modern technology continues to spread environmentally hazardous activity beyond State boundaries. These hazardous--yet socially useful--activities exist in a grey area between legality and wrongfulness. The Environment, Risk and Liability in International Law explains the important role liability plays in risk management and environmental protection, within the realm of international law. The text explores questions such as the lawfulness of acts which negatively affect the environment, as well as who should be liable for transfrontier...

This general survey of early Christian baptismal iconography and architecture integrates visual depictions and physical settings of baptism with textual evidence for its practice and purpose. An opening overview of pictorial art (paintings, relief sculpture, mosaics, and ivories) prompts questions about components of the actual ritual which are treated in the literary sources. The study's second half considers selected baptismal structures, examining the symbolism, purpose, and possible meaning of their spatial design and decorative programs. In most instances the synthesis of documentary and...