This book deals with the evolution of Islamic state and society from the 10th to the 14th centuries, focusing on the history of the Arab society under the iqṭā' (allocated tax revenue) system. The book offers a well documented study of the system with its use of hitherto unpublished Arabic manuscripts. The introductory chapter deals with the historical origins of the iqṭā' system, while chapters that follow discuss the history of the system in Iraq, Syria and Egypt, including systematic studies on the rural life and peasantry in Egypt. State and Rural...
This book deals with the evolution of Islamic state and society from the 10th to the 14th centuries, focusing on the history of the Arab society under...
This book analyzes the law-creating process relating to the interpretation of constituent instruments of international organizations. This topic is one of the key issues concerning the structures and activities of international organizations. It differs from other books in the field by suggesting that, under the influences of the inherent dynamism of international organizations, the interpretative framework of their constituent instruments is not the same as that of ordinary treaties. It also concludes that the interpretation of the constituent instruments of international organizations...
This book analyzes the law-creating process relating to the interpretation of constituent instruments of international organizations. This topic is on...
1. Themeanrestingmembranepotentialofrattaste cells is - 36 mVunderadap- tation of the tongue to 41.4 mMNaCI and - 50mV under water adaptation. 2. The shapes ofreceptor potentials ofrattastecells inresponsetothe four basic tastestimuli(0.5MNaCI, 0.02 M Q-HCI, 0.01 MHCl, and0.5 M sucrose)are classified into three types, namely (1) a depolarization alone, (2) a depolariza- tion preceded by a transient hyperpolarization, and (3) a hyperpolarization alone. No regenerative spike potentials are evoked in rat taste cells by chemical stimuli. The amplitude of rat taste cell responses increases with...
1. Themeanrestingmembranepotentialofrattaste cells is - 36 mVunderadap- tation of the tongue to 41.4 mMNaCI and - 50mV under water adaptation. 2. The ...
20 years after the collapse of communism in Central Eastern European countries and 30 years after the start of market-oriented reforms in China, this book provides a framework for understanding the differing emphasis and sequencing of two reforms and explores in-depth these issues in the demise of communism and the triumph of the market economy.
20 years after the collapse of communism in Central Eastern European countries and 30 years after the start of market-oriented reforms in China, this ...
