This text is a companion to Kevin Silber's series title, The Physiological Basis of Behaviour and concentrates on the cerebral cortex, its structure, connections, functions and dysfunctions. It includes clinical descriptions and case studies to illustrate various forms of agnosia, aphasia and the split brain syndrome. Methods in neuropsychology are reviewed and other chapters provide comprehensive but straightforward coverage of the role of the brain in language, sensation, perception and movement.