Past efforts to colonize the environment and domesticate living species, coupled with scientific research, have resulted in the possession (but not always the real control) by humans of any available terrestrial space. However, oceans, which represent up to two thirds of the surface of the planet, had not been really approached until the middle of this century. As oceanographic science develops, the picture of a rich, diverse, complex and also, in many respects, specific marine life, is coming into view. In a broad sense, marine biotechnologies can be understood as the various means or...