Literary texts are more or less obliged to make reference to entities beyond themselves. Drawing on other texts, ideas previously written, or on the resources of language, they make their attempts to communicate, entertain, and enlist sympathy, or even to offer counsel. Some texts profess an a priori vision, others adopt a style of reporting only contingencies. A dialogic relation can be posited between the ideal and the real, heaven and earth, imagination and reason, langue and parole, essence and substance, poetry and prose. The poetic and creative impulse is engaged with an ever present...