On 15 July, 1099, the Crusaders conquered Jerusalem, beginning an innovative and prosperous Frankish rule over the city, which lasted over 100 years and ended with the Khwarizmian conquest in 1244. This time of Crusader rule can be considered one of the most important in the history of Jerusalem. Through systematic renovation and repopulation, the Crusaders transformed a provincial town into the capital city of an eponymous kingdom: the Kingdom of Jerusalem.