The relationship between music and the nervous system is now the subject of intense interest for scientists and people in the humanities, but this is by no means a new phenomenon. Particularly since the seventeenth century, natural philosophers and music theorists have often prefigured much of the contemporary debate about music and the nervous system. Crucially, music came to be seen less as a microcosm of cosmic order and more as a question of the sensual stimulation of the nervous system. Musical aesthetics has at times rebelled against this materialist approach and asserted a...