In Sport and Physical Education in the Middle Ages, Dr. Zeigler (ed. & au.) divides the then-world's "far West" into Early Middle Ages (including Feudal Society) and Later Middle Ages (including the Renaissance). Nine qualified scholars provide 14 different historical analyses. In a final section, Zeigler provides a "vertical analysis" of the social forces influencing the times. The theology of The Church prevailed generally during this era, but there was discordance present also among the existing variations of theism, deism, pluralism, and humanism, a state that has persisted to the...

I am not against sport and related physical activity. What I am arguing is that, employed properly and correctly, exercise and sport-as one of a number of vital social forces (e.g., nationalism, ecology)-could contribute to the improvement of the current situation in human health enormously. Additionally, in the case of related physical activity (i.e., regular exercise or "physical activity education") in the developed world, I believe humans are too often "abusing it by first not understanding it, and then by not using it more intelligently" (Ironically, in the "undeveloped world," people...