The success of two membrane processes, reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration, has helped make membrane processes a central technique in solving separation problems for fluid systems. This book discusses the various applications and developments in membrane technology and shows how accurate membrane processes can be designed. Starting with the local transport phenomena, the behavior of individual elements such as tube or plate membranes and the behavior of the technical unit--the module--are discussed in detail. The book goes on to demonstrate the most effective ways of arranging modules for...

There is hardly a science that is without the notion of "system". We have systems in mathematics, formal systems in logic, systems in physics, electrical and mechanical engineering, architectural-, operating-, infonnation-, programming systems in computer science, management-and PJoduction systems in industrial applications, economical-, ecological-, biological systems, and many more. In many of these disciplines formal tools for system specification, construction, verification, have been developed as well as mathematical concepts for system modeling and system simulation. Thus it is quite...

The articles in this book give a comprehensive overview on the whole field of validated numerics. The problems covered include simultaneous systems of linear and nonlinear equations, differential and integral equations and certain applications from technical sciences. Furthermore some papers which improve the tools are included. The book is a must for scientists working in numerical analysis, computer science and in technical fields.

Obwohl man annehmen kann, daB das gerundete Rechnen so alt ist wie das Rechnen mit Zahlen iiberhaupt, hat es eine ausgedehnte und systematische Anwendung erst durch die neuzeitlichen Digitalrechenanlagen gefunden. Die zwangslliufige Begrenzung sowohl des Gesamtspeichers wie der Bitanzahl der einzelnen Speicherzellen und Register bedingt bei jeder Zahldarstellung eine Einschrlinkung eines theoretischen, idealisierten, unendlichen Zahlenbereiches auf eine endliche Teilmenge, in der die realen arithmetischen Operationen konstruktiv erfolgen. Infolgedessen stimmen die Regeln fiir dieses...