In 1791 Gauss made the following assertions (collected works, Vol. 10, p.ll, Teubner, Leipzig 1917): Primzahlen unter a ( = 00 ) a la Zahlen aus zwei Factoren lla. a la (warsch.) aus 3 Factoren 1 (lla)2a --- 2 la et sic in info In more modern notation, let 1tk(X) denote the number of integers not exceeding x which are made up of k distinct prime factors, k = 1, 2, .... Then his assertions amount to the asymptotic estimate x (log log X)k-l ( ) 1tk X '" --"';"'-"---" --: -'-, - (x-..oo). log x (k-1) The case k = 1, known as the Prime Number Theorem, was independently established by Hadamard...

In this volume we study the value distribution of arithmetic functions, allowing unbounded renormalisations. The methods involve a synthesis of Probability and Number Theory; sums of independent infinitesimal random variables playing an important role. A central problem is to decide when an additive arithmetic function fin) admits a renormalisation by real functions a(x) and {3(x) > 0 so that asx 00 the frequencies vx(n;f (n) - a(x): s;; z {3 (x) ) converge weakly; (see Notation). In contrast to volume one we allow {3(x) to become unbounded with x. In particular, we investigate to what extent...