This valuable and updated reference focuses on the implementator and impact of judicial policies in America. Introducing a hierarchies model of "populations" affected by judicial decisions, the authors highlight the substantial influence of how lower courts, administrative agencies, local groups, the media, Congress, and other political actors respond to judicial policies.

This new edition features:
-- Illustrative boxes providing real-life examples of the impact of judicial policies.
-- A summary table assessing the major theories explaining judicial impact.
-- Summary actions...