Between 1859, when the United States established its first legation in Japan, and 1906, when the legation became an embassy, the United States and Japan positioned themselves for greater regional and world roles. American diplomats who served in Japan during those years ranged from the economically self-serving (Robert Pruyn) to the professional (Lloyd Griscom), but they all participated to varying degrees in the remarkable changes of the late Tokugawa and early Meiji eras.
Often criticized for their lack of professionalism, these diplomats reflected the absence of a professional...
Between 1859, when the United States established its first legation in Japan, and 1906, when the legation became an embassy, the United States and ...
