One aspect of common sense reasoning is reasoning about normal cases, e.g. a physician will first try to interpret symptoms by a common disease, and will take more exotic possibilities only later into account. Such "normality" can be encoded, e.g. by a relation, where case A is considered more normal than case B. This gives a standard semantics or interpretation to nonmonotonic reasoning (a branch of common sense reasoning), or, more formally, to nonmonotonic logics. We consider in this book the repercussions such normality relations and similar constructions have on the resulting...
One aspect of common sense reasoning is reasoning about normal cases, e.g. a physician will first try to interpret symptoms by a common disease, an...
Nonmonotonic logics were created as an abstraction of some types of common sense reasoning, analogous to the way classical logic serves to formalize ideal reasoning about mathematical objects. These logics are nonmonotonic in the sense that enlarging the set of axioms does not necessarily imply an enlargement of the set of formulas deducible from these axioms. Such situations arise naturally, for example, in the use of information of different degrees of reliability. This book emphasizes basic concepts by outlining connections between different formalisms of nonmonotonic logic, and gives a...
Nonmonotonic logics were created as an abstraction of some types of common sense reasoning, analogous to the way classical logic serves to formalize i...
Agents act on the basis of their beliefs and these beliefs change as they interact with other agents. In this book the authors propose and explain general logical tools for handling change. These tools include preferential reasoning, theory revision, and reasoning in inheritance systems, and the authors use these tools to examine nonmonotonic logic, deontic logic, counterfactuals, modal logic, intuitionistic logic, and temporal logic.
This book will be of benefit to researchers engaged with artificial intelligence, and in particular agents, multiagent systems and nonmonotonic...
Agents act on the basis of their beliefs and these beliefs change as they interact with other agents. In this book the authors propose and explain ...
"Kein Ding gerät, an dem nicht der Übermut seinen Teil hat. Das Zuviel an Kraft erst ist der Beweis von Kraft", postuliert Nietzsche im Vorwort seiner "Götzen-Dämmerung". Und in der Tat: Kraftvoll und ohne falsche Rücksicht auf ein in seinen Augen überkommenes, in Traditionen gefangenes Denken schwingt der sprachgewaltige Philosoph den Hammer. Er selbst bezeichnete die 1889 erschienene "Götzen-Dämmerung" als "vollkommene Gesamteinführung" in seine Philosophie. Mit pointierter Schärfe und bewusstem Pathos arbeitet Nietzsche hier an seinen Gedanken zur "Umwertung aller Werte" und zum...
"Kein Ding gerät, an dem nicht der Übermut seinen Teil hat. Das Zuviel an Kraft erst ist der Beweis von Kraft", postuliert Nietzsche im Vorwort sein...
Agents act on the basis of their beliefs and these beliefs change as they interact with other agents. In this book the authors propose and explain general logical tools for handling change. These tools include preferential reasoning, theory revision, and reasoning in inheritance systems, and the authors use these tools to examine nonmonotonic logic, deontic logic, counterfactuals, modal logic, intuitionistic logic, and temporal logic.
This book will be of benefit to researchers engaged with artificial intelligence, and in particular agents, multiagent systems and nonmonotonic...
Agents act on the basis of their beliefs and these beliefs change as they interact with other agents. In this book the authors propose and explain ...
In this book the authors present new results on interpolation for nonmonotonic logics, abstract (function) independence, the Talmudic Kal Vachomer rule, and an equational solution of contrary-to-duty obligations. The chapter on formal construction is the conceptual core of the book, where the authors combine the ideas of several types of nonmonotonic logics and their analysis of 'natural' concepts into a formal logic, a special preferential construction that combines formal clarity with the intuitive advantages of Reiter defaults, defeasible inheritance, theory revision, and epistemic...
In this book the authors present new results on interpolation for nonmonotonic logics, abstract (function) independence, the Talmudic Kal Vachomer ...
