Relational structures abound in our daily environment: relational databases, data mining, scaling procedures, preference relations, etc. As the documentation of scientific results achieved within the European COST Action 274, TARSKI, this book advances the understanding of relational structures and the use of relational methods in various application fields.

The 12 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected for presentations. The papers are devoted to mechanization of relational reasoning, relational scaling and preferences, and algebraic and logical foundations of...

This is an account of the current status of the basic theory, extensions and applications of rough sets. The book presents rough set formalisms and methods of modelling and handling incomplete information, and motivates their applicability to knowledge discovery and machine learning.

Providing a reference for researchers and students, this volume presents the fundamental concepts of dual tableaux, and a wide scope of applications. These include logic methods used in mathematics and philosophy, as well as applied theories of computational logic.

This volume represents the state of the art for much current research in many-valued logics. Primary researchers in the field are among the authors. Major methodological issues of many-valued logics are treated, as well as applications of many-valued logics to reasoning with fuzzy information. Areas covered include: Algebras of multiple valued logics and their applications, proof theory and automated deduction in multiple valued logics, fuzzy logics and their applications, and multiple valued logics for control theory and rational belief.

In 1982, Professor Pawlak published his seminal paper on what he called "rough sets" - a work which opened a new direction in the development of theories of incomplete information. Today, a decade and a half later, the theory of rough sets has evolved into a far-reaching methodology for dealing with a wide variety of issues centering on incompleteness and imprecision of information - issues which playa key role in the conception and design of intelligent information systems. "Incomplete Information: Rough Set Analysis" - or RSA for short - presents an up-to-date and highly authoritative...

This book presents logical foundations of dual tableaux together with a number of their applications both to logics traditionally dealt with in mathematics and philosophy (such as modal, intuitionistic, relevant, and many-valued logics) and to various applied theories of computational logic (such as temporal reasoning, spatial reasoning, fuzzy-set-based reasoning, rough-set-based reasoning, order-of magnitude reasoning, reasoning about programs, threshold logics, logics of conditional decisions). The distinguishing feature of most of these applications is that the corresponding dual tableaux...

The origins of relational theories can be found in the work of three 19th cen- tury mathematicians: Augustus de Morgan (1864, On the syllogism IV and on the logic of relations), Charles Sanders Peirce (1882, Brief description of the algebra of relatives) and Ernst Schroder (1895, Vorlesungen iiber die Al- gebra und Logik der Relative). The modern origins of the theory of relations are due to Alfred Tarski (14 January 1902, Warsaw -26 October 1983, Berke- ley). His paper' On the calculus of Relations' published in 1941 gave rise to an algebraic theory of relations which is still extensively...

This book provides a framework for presenting algebras and frames arising as semantic structures for formal languages and for proving relationships between the structures. For this purpose a discrete framework, referred to as discrete duality, is used rather than a topological framework. Ideas from the classical dualities and representations of Stone, Priestley, and Urquhart are applied in such a way that topology is not part of any of the underlying structures or relationships. A key contribution of the book is the formulation of the concept of duality via truth for expressing that a class...