During four decades of experience with nuclear weapons, public awareness and discussion have focused on their basic properties and capabilitiesthe explosive power they contain, the technical capabilities of the missiles and aircraft that carry them, the size of the Soviet and American arsenals, and the magnitude of destruction those arsenals could accomplish. Yet little attention has been paid to the technologies, procedures, and organizational arrangements used to manage and control nuclear forces. Many assert the importance of command, control, communications, and intelligence (C3I), but...