The first of two volumes in the series containing descriptions of the techniques and methods of electron and ion spectroscopies which are in widespread use for surface analysis. The focus is on techniques for which commercial instrumentation is available, and the intent is to fill the gap between ma

Determining the elemental composition of surfaces is an essential measurement in characterizing solid surfaces. At present, many ap- proaches may be applied for measuring the elemental and molecular composition of a surface. Each method has particular strengths and limitations that often are directly connected to the physical processes involved. Typically, atoms and molecules on the surface and in the near surface region may be excited by photons, electrons, ions, or neutrals, and the detected particles are emitted, ejected, or scattered ions or electrons. The purpose of this book is to bring...