The lecture not only deals with the positive or de facto validity (the "effectiveness") but, also, with the normative, ob liga tory validity of right (its "legitimacy"). For the definition of positive validity, he refers to the "theories of recognizance" originating from the 19th century whereby, how ever, he divorces the general theory of recognizance prevailingly adopted today from the older, "individual," theories of recognizance. Utilizing the decisive factor of recognizance, he separates the positive validity of the legal right from the mere enforcement (in the sense of the theory of...