Microwave and millimeter-wave integrated circuits (MMICs) are of increasing im- portance in modern military and commercial wireless communication systems. Current trends are towards low-cost, high-density, multilevel, and multifunctional integration, cover- ingmillimeterand submillimeterwave regions.The integrationofdiverse subfunctions, such as light-wave devices, superconductor circuits, digital circuits and ferrite devices, together with conventional microwave or millimeter-wave devices, circuits and antennas, will allow implementation of large systems on a single chip. Research on...