Based on the experiences of Chinese reforms, the book criticises the transition theories of the 'big-bang' and privatisation represented by Sachs and Kornai. Along with the adjustment of the industrial structure, the Chinese government decontrolled prices gradually. Meanwhile, the state-owned enterprise reform in China is leading to enhance managerial autonomy rather than privatisation. China has combined the 'gradual approach' of transition with the gradual process of economic development. The combination of transition and development gave China a chance to try something new.