The importance of history and its relevance to the present have seldom gone unquestioned in modern times. This is particularly true in the United States, born as the quintessentially modern nation, where the image of a vast open frontier and the unofficial state creed of limitless progress have diminished the importance of the past, and where the writings of Ralph Waldo Emerson proclaimed that nature and personal experience made tradition irrelevant for the self-reliant American.