Based on the earlier work of Dr. Robert J. Marzano, this instructional guide provides explicit steps, examples, and adaptations to help educators effectively teach students how to examine errors in reasoning.

What defines an effective school leaderand how do you measure effectiveness? School leaders have a direct and significant impact on student achievement. They drive the effectiveness of teachers who, in turn, influence the performance of students. Without the right kind of support, training, vision, and tools, however, school leaders are often unable to perform at the highest levels of effectiveness. Based on historical and contemporary research, School Leadership for Results: Shifting the Focus of Leader Evaluation explores the importance of evaluating school leaders...

Can your students understand and even generate performance scales? To meet rigorous standards, students need to be able to comprehend learning goals, embedded in performance scales, which include application of knowledge. They must be able to generate their own scales. "Creating

Can your students actively process content in groups? To meet rigorous standards, students need to be able to engage in partner discussions, cooperative projects, and peer response grouping. They must be able to reflect on learning as a group. Organizing for Learning: Classroom Techniques to Help Students Interact Within Small Groups explores explicit techniques for mastering this crucial strategy of instructional practice. It includes adaptations for various student populations, examples and nonexamples from classroom practice, and strategies to avoid making common mistakes.

Can your students encode critical information into their long-term memories? To meet rigorous standards, students need to be able to retrieve critical information and comprehend key features of the content. They must be able to authentically engage with content so they can effectively process the learning and store it for future use. Processing New Information: Classroom Techniques to Help Students Engage With Content explores explicit techniques for mastering this crucial strategy of instructional practice. It includes adaptations for various student populations, examples and nonexamples...

Can your students record and represent what they've learned? Students must know how to effectively interact with new knowledge. To do that, they must be able to summarize what they've read, analyze text for specific characteristics, and create organized, succinct written works that demonstrate a deep understanding of the content. Based on the earlier work of Dr. Robert J. Marzano, Recording

Do your students know how to make meaningful comparisons? Students must be able to examine similarities and differences within the critical content they are learning. They need to know how to use comparisons, classifications, metaphors, and analogies to generalize, draw conclusions, and refine schema. Based on the earlier work of Dr. Robert J. Marzano, Examining Similarities

Can your students recognize when their own logic is flawed? To meet rigorous academic standards, students need to know how to state a claim and support it with evidence. They must be able to examine their thinking, and the thinking of others. Based on the earlier work of Dr. Robert J. Marzano, Examining Reasoning: Classroom Techniques to Help Students Produce and Defend Claims provides explicit steps for implementation and monitoring students' ability to examine errors in reasoning. It includes adaptations for various student populations, examples and nonexamples from classroom practice, and...

Can your students process and respond to information quickly? To meet rigorous standards, students need to be able to process information quickly and respond to situations with fluency and accuracy. They must be able to use new knowledge and processes swiftly and accurately. Fluent thinking is crucial for success on the SAT, ACT, and other timed testing situations. Practicing Skills, Strategies,