This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Symposium on Neural Networks, ISNN 2016, held in St. Petersburg, Russia in July 2016. The 84 revised full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 104 submissions. The papers cover many topics of neural network-related research including signal and image processing; dynamical behaviors of recurrent neural networks; intelligent control; clustering, classification, modeling, and forecasting; evolutionary computation; and cognition computation and spiking neural networks.